According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2007), Malaysia is ranked sixth among Asian countries with high adult obesity rate. The weight of Malaysian students is also on increasing trend nowadays. “20.7 percent of Malaysian students were overweight in 2001 and increases 26.5 in 2007 when a have forecast to the National Health and Morbidity Survey” (Liow, 2006). Obesity also known as overweight is accumulation of excess fat on the body, which means weighing too much. It is abnormal fat that can harmful to human health. Obesity is not just the same as being overweight such as overweight from extra muscle, bone and water. It is having too much body fat that had negative effect to human health. The effect is not the usual effect; it is remarkable and life-long impact. The impact can cause paralyzed even death also can happen. Obesity is a leading cause of death in worldwide and the most serious public health problems.
Overweight and obesity are the major risk factors for a number of chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. This problem majority happen in high income countries. Obese nowadays dramatically on the rise in worldwide health problems because many people suffered from obesity. Worldwide obesity has more than doubled since 1980. Most of people who are suffering from obesity are women. Nearly 300 million women were obese and 65% of the world's population lives in countries where overweight and obesity kills more people than underweight. There are 5 billion adults, age 20 and older were overweight. Overall, more than one in ten of the world’s adult population was obese. Obesity is preventable. In addition, 44% of the diabetes burden, 23% of the ischemic heart disease burden and between 7% and 41% of certain cancer burdens are attributable to overweight and obesity. (WHO, 2008)
Body Mass Index (BMI) is a statistical measurement after divided by your height and weight. That is applies to adult men and women and defines as overweight if they are in between 25 and 30kg/m2, and the person who get greater than 30kg/m2 that can considered as obese. (Wikipedia) Even though that is the way to estimate our healthy body weight, it not means to measure the percentage of body fat. Sometimes BMI also have a mistake, a muscleman may have a high BMI but less fat than an unfit person whose is lower. For example, an adult who weighs 70kg and whose height is 1.75m will have a BMI of 22.9 is categories as a normal or healthy. In generally, the BMI measurement is the useful way to calculate our healthy whether is a good or bad for the ‘average person’. (MNT, Medical News Today, 2004).
How much should your weigh? This is problems when peoples having excess fat in the body. The BMI is the best way and some people suggest calculating your body mass index so that your body weight is ideal. Others always thought that BMI is faulty as it does not calculate the muscle mass but that should be as waist-hip ratio is better. A person have an ideal body weight may be completely different with another person because it can measures what the weight that they get. In Medical News Today (2004), the risks when you aiming too high if you are surrounded by obese or overweight people when you compare with your family and friends if everyone around you work as model fashions. Even though when you are comparing yourself with other people outside your immediate surroundings may not work.
Why human suffered from obesity? There are so many reasons or causes why human become obese. The main reason is because of their own careless to care about their health. They take easy on healthy. Most people only think about satisfaction on food, they eat and more without thinking about the benefits and the effects. This is because, obese will happen without planning, just follow the appetite. That makes their weight gain and obesity happen. Obesity gives serious problems to human and very harmful. Human suffer from obesity also will suffer from heart diseases, high blood pressure, stroke and even cancer. Obesity is related to no communicable diseases, are largely preventable. That is why we must care about our health and making the healthier choice of foods to preventing obesity. Regular physical activity is the easiest choice to prevent the obesity and have a healthy lifestyle (WHO). Here, what is the cause of obesity? How it can happen?
The next cause of obesity is lack of exercise. Exercise is very important to our life. Exercise keeps us healthy, energetic and improves stamina. Unfortunately, people were so lazy to go exercise. Most of them give the same reason that exercise is tiring. Sleeping and hang out with friends is the most activities that they prefer to do than go to exercise. The popular reasons are they felt so tired after working and unable to go exercise. But they did not realize that exercise is very important. Why is it important? According WHO (2003), exercise helps to prevent diseases such as heart disease, cancer and high blood pressure. It is also to improve quality of life. In addition, once you begin to exercise regularly, you will discover why exercise is important because it can reduce stress, lifts moods and helps you sleep better. Exercise can reduce obesity because it can reduce size of abdominal fat cells. It also can help us to controls weight because it burns calories.
The causes of obesity are overeating. Overeating is not being able to control eating when not hungry. It also is the act of eating large amount of food while feeling out of control and unable to stop. This will cause weight increase significantly and obesity can happen. Casa Pamelra (2009) notes signs of overeating are eating faster than normal, eating alone due to shame and fear and feeling extreme guilt and torment after binging. People use food to cope their stress in daily life because of depression and other hidden issues. People who are overeating untreated, it can lead to serious medical condition including high cholesterol, diabetes, heart disease and hypertension. People demonstrate their obsession by spending time thinking about food and secretly planning about eat alone and will compulsively eat even when they are not hungry. From that it can increase calories 5,000 to 6,000 calories per day. This will contribute to the occurrence of obesity.
Another cause of obesity is genetic. For example, genetic disorders carried by generation that overweight. Genders also are the causes of obesity. Man has more muscle than woman. According to the Medical News Today ( 2004), muscles consume more calories than other forms of tissue; a man uses more calories than women even when he is not doing anything. This is because women are more vulnerable to obesity than men, even though with the same food intake. Age also the causes. Older people lose more muscles and they tend to get fatter than younger people. It means elderly people thus become obese more than the young generation. Pregnancy women also can suffer from obesity because during pregnancy women get extra weight. This weight gain may leads to obesity. This can compound with each pregnancy. Some of illness like hypothyroidism also leads to obesity.
In conclusion, human suffered from obesity because of eat without counting time, lack of exercise, overeating and genetic. Obesity is harmful to human health because it can cause heart disease, cancer, high blood pressure and others. To reduce obesity or overweight, supportive environments and communities are important because can shape people’s choice by making the healthier choice. Besides that, physical activity is the easiest choice to preventing obesity. At individual level, people can prevent obesity by limit energy intake from total fats and increase consumption of fruit and vegetables. Prevention is the key to any health-related issue. It is our own responsibilities to prevent diseases and take-care our own health. Healthy is the first thing in life and very important to stay in a good life.
PREFERECES:
1. Web Site – Anonymous
- Obesity and Overweight (2011). Page last reviewed May 16, 2011 from http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/causes/index.html
- Obesity. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/topics/obesity/en/
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2. Web Site – Personal Author
- David C. Dugdale, III, MD, Professor of Medicine, Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. Retrieved 7 November 2011 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0004552/
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- What is Obesity (2004-2012) MediLexicon International Ltd. Retrieved from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/obesity/
- Obesity (2012). Retrieved from http://www.emedicinehealth.com/obesity/article_em.htm
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